Alexandria City Guide: A Complete Travel Companion to Egypt’s Mediterranean Gem

Alexandria, Egypt’s second-largest city, holds a unique place in the hearts of locals and tourists. Known as the “Pearl of the Mediterranean,” this coastal city blends ancient history with modern charm. Its location on the Mediterranean Sea gives it a breathtaking shoreline and makes it a crossroads of cultures where Greek, Roman, and Egyptian influences merge. This comprehensive guide will walk you through Alexandria’s must-see landmarks, rich cultural offerings, delicious culinary scenes, and tips for making the most of your visit.

Overview: A Glimpse into Alexandria’s History and Charm

Alexandria, founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BC, was once a grand metropolis. It housed one of the Seven Wonders—the Lighthouse of Pharos—and the Great Library of Alexandria, a beacon of knowledge for centuries.

Though these landmarks have long since vanished, the city still bears traces of its illustrious past. It remains a cultural and intellectual hub in Egypt, boasting old-world architecture and modern development.

As you stroll along the Corniche, Alexandria’s waterfront promenade, you’ll be greeted by scenic views of the Mediterranean, historical buildings, and bustling street markets. The city’s distinct cosmopolitan vibe makes it a compelling destination for history buffs, beach lovers, and food enthusiasts alike.

Top Attractions in Alexandria

Alexandria lacks fascinating historical sites, museums, and outdoor activities. Below are some must-see landmarks that should be on every traveler’s itinerary.

Bibliotheca Alexandrina

A modern reincarnation of the ancient Great Library, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina is a cutting-edge cultural complex that houses millions of books, art galleries, museums, and a planetarium. Its striking design, symbolizing the rising sun, reflects Alexandria’s historic role as a center of knowledge and learning. Visiting the library is essential for anyone who appreciates literature, science, or architecture.

Qaitbay Citadel

Situated on the exact site of the ancient Lighthouse of Pharos, the Qaitbay Citadel stands proudly on the Mediterranean coastline. This 15th-century fortress offers panoramic views of the sea and the city and provides a glimpse into Alexandria’s strategic military significance over the centuries. Exploring the citadel allows visitors to walk through history while enjoying spectacular seaside vistas.

Kom El Shoqafa Catacombs

The Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa date back to the Roman period. They are a labyrinth of underground tombs blending Egyptian, Greek, and Roman artistic elements. Considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Middle Ages, this necropolis offers a fascinating glimpse into Alexandria’s multicultural past and burial practices. Descending into the catacombs is a haunting yet awe-inspiring experience.

Pompey’s Pillar

One of Alexandria’s most iconic monuments, Pompey’s Pillar, is an enormous Roman column that stands tall amidst the ruins of the ancient Serapeum. Built-in honor of Emperor Diocletian, the pillar is an impressive example of Roman engineering and a testament to Alexandria’s role in the Roman Empire. Visitors can also explore nearby remnants of the Serapeum, including sphinxes and underground chambers.

Montazah Palace and Gardens

For a cozy escape from the urban hustle, head to the Montazah Palace and Gardens. This sprawling complex was once the summer residence of Egyptian royalty and is now a public park. The palace blends Ottoman and Florentine architectural styles, and the surrounding gardens are lush with Mediterranean flora. Whether you’re picnicking, strolling, or simply enjoying the sea views, Montazah is a serene retreat.

Cultural Offerings and Museums

In addition to its ancient landmarks, Alexandria boasts a vibrant cultural scene. The city has several museums and theaters, reflecting its intellectual heritage.

Alexandria National Museum

Housed in a beautiful Italian-style mansion, the Alexandria National Museum offers a detailed overview of the city’s history, from the Pharaonic era through the Greek, Roman, and Islamic periods. With over 1,800 artifacts, including ancient statues, jewelry, and manuscripts, the museum provides an immersive experience of Alexandria’s past.

Greco-Roman Museum

The Greco-Roman Museum is a must-visit for an in-depth exploration of Alexandria’s ancient civilizations. The museum’s collection includes statues, pottery, coins, and mummies from the city’s Hellenistic and Roman periods, shedding light on Alexandria’s significance as a cultural crossroads between East and West.

The Corniche and Beaches: Coastal Charm

Alexandria’s Mediterranean coastline is one of its biggest draws. The Corniche, a scenic promenade that stretches for miles along the sea, is the perfect place to take in the coastal beauty. Lined with cafes, restaurants, and street vendors, the Corniche is bustling with life day and night. You can enjoy a leisurely walk, stop for a coffee, or sample local street food while admiring the stunning views.

Alexandria has several public and private beaches for beach lovers to relax, swim, and soak up the sun. Some popular spots include Maamoura Beach, Stanley Beach, and Montazah Beach. Though Alexandria’s beaches may not have the tropical allure of Egypt’s Red Sea resorts, they offer a unique charm with their historic backdrop and vibrant local culture.

Culinary Scene: A Food Lover’s Guide to Alexandria

Alexandria is a culinary paradise for anyone who loves Mediterranean and Egyptian cuisine. Its coastal location means that seafood is a staple, and the city is renowned for its fresh fish and seafood dishes. Alexandria’s food scene blends local flavors with international influences, making it a diverse and exciting destination for food fans.

Must-Try Dishes

• Sayadey is A traditional fish dish cooked with rice, onions, and a flavorful tomato-based sauce. It’s a comforting meal that showcases the city’s love for seafood.
• Feseekh: A salty, fermented fish dish typically eaten during the Egyptian holiday of Sham El Nessim. It’s an acquired taste but a must-try for adventurous eaters.
• Alexandrian Liver: A popular street food, this dish consists of spicy, marinated liver served in sandwiches or on its own. It’s a local favorite for a quick, savory snack.
• Seafood: Visit the fish market at Anfoushi for a taste of Alexandria’s freshest seafood. You can choose your fish and have it cooked to order at nearby restaurants.

Dining Spots

• Fish Market Restaurant: Overlooking the Mediterranean, this restaurant is famous for its fresh seafood and fascinating views.
• Abou El Sid: For a more traditional Egyptian dining experience, Abou El Sid offers classic Egyptian dishes in a charming, vintage setting.
• Délices Patisserie: If you have a sweet tooth, don’t miss this historic bakery, which has been serving up French-style pastries and cakes since 1909.

Practical Information for Visitors

When planning your trip to Alexandria, consider practicalities such as transportation, weather, and accommodations.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit Alexandria is (March to May) and (September to November) when the weather is pleasant and mild. Summers may be hot and humid, while winters are cooler but generally mild compared to other parts of Egypt.

Getting Around

Alexandria has a decent public transportation system, including trams, buses, and taxis. The city’s tram network is one of the oldest in the world and is a unique way to explore its historic neighborhoods. Taxis are widely available, but it’s advisable to negotiate the fare before starting your ride.

Where to Stay

Alexandria offers a range of accommodations, from luxury hotels to budget-friendly hostels. Some popular options include:

• Four Seasons Hotel Alexandria For those seeking luxury, this five-star hotel offers private beaches, stunning sea views, and world-class amenities.
• Steigenberger Cecil Hotel: Located on the Corniche, this historic hotel is a landmark in its own right. It offers a blend of old-world charm and modern comfort.
• Budget Hotels: Many affordable guesthouses and boutique hotels are located near the city center and along the coast.

Frequently Asked Questions(FAQs):

What is Alexandria known for?

Alexandria is known for its rich history, including the Great Library and the Lighthouse of Pharos. Today, it’s famous for its beautiful Mediterranean coastline, historical landmarks, and cultural significance.

How many days should I spend in Alexandria?

A two—to three-day stay is ideal to explore the significant landmarks and museums and enjoy the city’s coastal charm. However, you can extend your stay to experience the city’s beaches and cultural scene more deeply.

Is Alexandria safe for tourists?

Alexandria is generally safe for tourists, though, as with any large city, it’s wise to take basic precautions like avoiding isolated areas at night and keeping your belongings secure.

What is the primary language spoken in Alexandria?

Arabic is the official language, but English is well understood in tourist areas, hotels, and restaurants.

Can I swim in the sea in Alexandria?

Yes, Alexandria has several public and private beaches where swimming is allowed. However, the sea can be rough in some areas, so swimming in designated spots with lifeguards is essential.